Quick notes
- This guide will equip you with the knowledge to decipher the camshaft code, understand its specifications, and select the ideal cam for your LS engine.
- A cam with too much duration or lift might not be suitable for a street-driven vehicle, while a cam with insufficient duration or lift might not deliver the desired power gains.
- By rotating the crankshaft and observing the camshaft’s position on the degree wheel, you can measure the camshaft’s duration, lift, and other specifications.
The LS engine family, renowned for its power and versatility, offers a vast array of camshaft options, each tailored to specific performance goals. But navigating this diverse landscape can be daunting, especially for those new to the LS world. Knowing how to identify LS camshaft is crucial for choosing the right cam for your build and maximizing its potential. This guide will equip you with the knowledge to decipher the camshaft code, understand its specifications, and select the ideal cam for your LS engine.
Understanding the LS Camshaft Code
The LS camshaft code is a cryptic string of numbers and letters that holds the key to its specifications. While it may seem like gibberish at first glance, each character carries vital information about the cam’s design. Here’s a breakdown of the common elements:
- First Digit: This digit typically represents the lobe center line (LCL), which indicates the camshaft’s duration. A higher number generally signifies a longer duration, meaning the valve stays open for a longer period.
- Second Digit: This digit usually denotes the lift, which is the amount the valve opens. A higher number corresponds to greater lift, allowing more airflow into the cylinder.
- Third Digit: This digit often indicates the intake lobe separation angle (LSA), which determines the overlap between the intake and exhaust valves. A smaller LSA generally results in more aggressive overlap and increased horsepower.
- Fourth Digit: This digit often reflects the exhaust lobe separation angle (LSA), similar to the third digit but for the exhaust valve.
- Fifth Digit: This digit can indicate the camshaft’s intended application, such as “1” for street use or “2” for racing.
- Letters: Letters following the numbers might indicate specific features like “R” for roller lifters or “H” for hydraulic lifters.
The Importance of Correct Identification
Identifying the LS camshaft correctly is crucial for several reasons:
- Performance Optimization: Choosing the right camshaft is essential for achieving the desired performance characteristics. A cam with too much duration or lift might not be suitable for a street-driven vehicle, while a cam with insufficient duration or lift might not deliver the desired power gains.
- Engine Compatibility: Different LS engine variants have different valve train geometries and piston-to-valve clearances. Using a camshaft designed for a different engine can lead to valve interference, causing catastrophic engine damage.
- Valve Train Components: The camshaft’s design dictates the required valve train components, such as lifters, pushrods, and rocker arms. Using incompatible components can lead to premature wear and failure.
Identifying the Camshaft by Visual Inspection
While the camshaft code provides the most accurate information, identifying the camshaft by visual inspection can be helpful in certain situations. Here are some key features to look for:
- Lobe Profile: The cam lobes, which control the valve lift and duration, have a distinct shape. Different camshaft profiles can be recognized by their size, shape, and angle.
- Lifter Type: The camshaft’s design dictates the type of lifters it utilizes. Flat-tappet camshafts require flat-tappet lifters, while roller camshafts require roller lifters.
- Marking: Some camshafts have markings or engravings that indicate their specifications or manufacturer. These markings can provide valuable clues for identification.
Utilizing Online Resources for Camshaft Identification
The internet offers a wealth of resources for identifying LS camshafts. These resources can be invaluable for deciphering the camshaft code, understanding its specifications, and finding compatible components.
- Camshaft Databases: Online databases dedicated to LS camshafts can help you identify the camshaft based on its code, manufacturer, or specifications.
- Forums and Communities: Online forums and communities dedicated to LS engines are excellent resources for seeking advice and guidance from experienced enthusiasts.
- Manufacturer Websites: Most camshaft manufacturers publish detailed specifications and information about their products on their websites.
Identifying the Camshaft Using a Camshaft Degree Wheel
For a more precise identification, a camshaft degree wheel can be used. This tool allows you to measure the camshaft’s rotation and determine its duration, lift, and other specifications.
- Installation: The degree wheel is typically mounted on the crankshaft, allowing you to measure the camshaft’s position relative to the crankshaft.
- Measurements: By rotating the crankshaft and observing the camshaft’s position on the degree wheel, you can measure the camshaft’s duration, lift, and other specifications.
Choosing the Right Camshaft for Your LS Engine
Once you have identified the camshaft, the next step is to choose the right one for your LS engine. This decision depends on several factors:
- Engine Application: The camshaft’s intended application, whether it’s for street use, racing, or off-road, will influence the choice.
- Performance Goals: The desired performance characteristics, such as horsepower, torque, and RPM range, will determine the camshaft’s specifications.
- Budget: Camshafts vary widely in price, so it’s essential to consider your budget when making a selection.
The Final Word: Beyond Identification
Identifying the LS camshaft is just the first step in optimizing your LS engine. Understanding the camshaft’s specifications and choosing the right one for your application is crucial for maximizing performance and achieving your goals. By utilizing the resources and techniques outlined in this guide, you can confidently navigate the world of LS camshafts and unlock the full potential of your engine.
Popular Questions
Q: What is the difference between a flat-tappet and a roller camshaft?
A: A flat-tappet camshaft uses flat lifters that ride directly on the cam lobes, while a roller camshaft uses lifters with roller bearings that reduce friction and wear. Roller camshafts offer increased performance and durability but are generally more expensive.
Q: How can I determine the camshaft’s duration and lift without using a degree wheel?
A: While a degree wheel provides the most accurate measurements, you can estimate the camshaft’s duration and lift by examining its lobe profile and comparing it to known camshafts.
Q: What are some of the common LS camshaft manufacturers?
A: Some popular LS camshaft manufacturers include Comp Cams, Lunati, Crower, and Crane Cams. Each manufacturer offers a wide range of camshafts tailored to various applications and performance goals.
Q: Can I use a camshaft designed for a different LS engine variant in my engine?
A: While some LS camshafts might be compatible with different engine variants, it’s crucial to consult with a reputable engine builder or tuner to ensure compatibility and avoid valve interference.
Q: What are some common mistakes to avoid when identifying an LS camshaft?
A: Some common mistakes include relying solely on visual inspection, mistaking one camshaft for another, and not considering the camshaft’s intended application. It’s always best to confirm the camshaft’s specifications using multiple sources and consulting with experienced professionals.