Unsure About Your Car’s Performance? How to Check if Brake Fluid Needs Changing

Your car’s brake fluid is an often-overlooked but critical component that ensures your safety on the road. It’s the lifeblood of your braking system, transmitting pressure from the brake pedal to the calipers, which then squeeze the brake pads against the rotors, slowing your vehicle down. Over time, brake fluid can deteriorate, becoming contaminated and less effective, putting you at risk.

Knowing how to check if brake fluid needs changing is essential for maintaining your car’s safety and performance. This blog post will guide you through the process of inspecting your brake fluid, understanding its condition, and determining when it’s time for a replacement.

Why Does Brake Fluid Need Replacing?

Brake fluid is hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs moisture from the air. This moisture can cause the fluid to boil at a lower temperature, leading to brake fade, where the brakes lose their effectiveness under heavy braking.

Additionally, brake fluid can become contaminated with dirt, debris, and other contaminants, further reducing its effectiveness and potentially damaging the braking system.

What Happens When Brake Fluid Gets Old?

Old brake fluid can cause various issues, including:

• Brake Fade: The brakes become less effective, especially during heavy braking or long descents.
• Spongy Brake Pedal: The pedal feels soft and mushy, indicating a loss of pressure in the braking system.
• Squealing or Grinding Noises: These noises may indicate worn brake pads or rotors caused by ineffective braking.
• Corrosion: Moisture in the brake fluid can corrode the brake lines, calipers, and other components, leading to leaks and malfunctions.

How to Check Your Brake Fluid Level

Checking your brake fluid level is a simple process:

1. Locate the Brake Fluid Reservoir: The brake fluid reservoir is usually located under the hood, near the master cylinder. It’s a small plastic or metal container with a cap.
2. Inspect the Fluid Level: Open the cap and check the fluid level. The reservoir should have markings indicating the “Full” and “Low” levels.
3. Top Off If Necessary: If the fluid level is low, add brake fluid of the correct type. Refer to your car’s owner’s manual for the recommended type.

Note: Never overfill the reservoir.

How to Check the Condition of Your Brake Fluid

While checking the fluid level is important, it’s equally crucial to assess the condition of your brake fluid. Here’s how:

1. Inspect the Fluid Color: New brake fluid is typically clear or slightly amber. As it ages and absorbs moisture, it turns darker and can even become brown or black.
2. Use a Brake Fluid Tester: A brake fluid tester is a simple tool that measures the moisture content in your brake fluid. It provides a reading that indicates the fluid’s boiling point.
3. Consult a Mechanic: If you’re unsure about the condition of your brake fluid, it’s best to consult a qualified mechanic. They can perform a thorough inspection and advise you on the appropriate course of action.

How Often Should You Change Your Brake Fluid?

The recommended frequency for changing brake fluid varies depending on the vehicle, driving conditions, and the fluid’s quality. However, a general guideline is to change it every 2-3 years or **30,000-40,000 miles**.

Signs That Your Brake Fluid Needs Changing

While checking the fluid level and condition is crucial, certain signs can indicate that it’s time for a change:

• Dark or Discolored Fluid: As mentioned earlier, brake fluid turns darker as it absorbs moisture. If your fluid is significantly discolored, it’s a clear indication that it needs replacing.
• Low Boiling Point: A brake fluid tester will show a lower boiling point if the fluid has absorbed too much moisture.
• Spongy Brake Pedal: A soft and mushy brake pedal can be a sign of insufficient brake fluid pressure.
• Warning Lights: Some vehicles have a brake fluid warning light that illuminates when the fluid level is low.

How to Change Brake Fluid: A Step-by-Step Guide

Changing brake fluid is a relatively straightforward process, but it requires some tools and knowledge. Here’s a general guide:

1. Gather the Necessary Tools: You’ll need a brake fluid bleeder kit, a new bottle of brake fluid, a clean container to collect the old fluid, and a wrench to loosen the bleeder valves.
2. Park the Vehicle Safely: Park the vehicle on a level surface and engage the parking brake.
3. Open the Brake Fluid Reservoir: Open the brake fluid reservoir cap and inspect the fluid level.
4. Bleed the Brakes: Start with the wheel furthest from the master cylinder. Loosen the bleeder valve, and have someone pump the brake pedal several times. Tighten the bleeder valve when the fluid flows freely.
5. Repeat for Each Wheel: Repeat the bleeding process for each wheel, working your way towards the master cylinder.
6. Top Off the Reservoir: Once all wheels are bled, top off the brake fluid reservoir to the “Full” mark.
7. Test the Brakes: Test the brakes by gently pressing the pedal several times. Ensure there is no sponginess or loss of pressure.

Note: It’s crucial to use the correct type of brake fluid for your vehicle. Refer to your owner’s manual for the recommended fluid type.

Final Thoughts: Maintaining Your Braking System

Your brake fluid is a vital component of your vehicle’s braking system, ensuring your safety on the road. By regularly checking the fluid level and condition and replacing it when necessary, you can maintain optimal braking performance and prevent potential problems.

Information You Need to Know

Q: Can I use regular car fluid for my brake fluid?

A: No, brake fluid is a specialized fluid designed for braking systems. Regular car fluid is not compatible with brake systems and can damage them.

Q: How long does it take for brake fluid to become contaminated?

A: The time it takes for brake fluid to become contaminated depends on several factors, including the quality of the fluid, driving conditions, and environmental factors. However, it’s generally recommended to change it every 2-3 years or 30,000-40,000 miles.

Q: Can I top off my brake fluid with a different type of fluid?

A: No, it’s crucial to use the same type of brake fluid as what’s already in your system. Mixing different types can cause a chemical reaction that damages the braking system.

Q: What happens if I don’t change my brake fluid?

A: If you don’t change your brake fluid, it can become contaminated and lose its effectiveness. This can lead to brake fade, spongy brake pedal, and other issues that can compromise your safety.

Q: Can I change my brake fluid myself?

A: While it’s possible to change your brake fluid yourself, it’s a complex process that requires some technical knowledge and tools. It’s best to consult a qualified mechanic if you’re unsure about the process.